Let’s get ready to rumble! In the blue corner you may know him as Col. James Braddock, Maj. Scott McCoy, or. Walker Texas Ranger. He’s the man, the legend, Chuck Norris. In the red corner, he bowls overhand, sharks have a week dedicated to him, he’s won trophies for his game face alone. He’s the Most Interesting Man In The World.If these two immovable figures were to square off in a throw down which one would be the last man standing? While we will never know the outcome of this mythical battle, businesses can learn a lesson from it.Both of our iconic fighters display a tenacity that businesses should strive for. Defeat is not in their vocabulary. It seems that no task is beyond their capability. In any adversity they adapt, create a plan of attack and act immediately. In business, we face challenges on a daily basis, some more daunting than others. How do we react to new competition? How do we react during a downturn economy? Or changes in government regulation? Price increases in materials and supplies?Do you view changes with dread, wring your hands and saying “what am I going to do?” Or do you welcome the challenges as a nudge to evaluate your business, to find more efficient methods and procedures? During challenging times like these, the businesses that are able to adapt are the ones that survive. And not only survived but thrive in the future.Our two combatants are recognizable brands. You can see a picture of either one and immediately know who it is without reading the name or seeing a logo. The reason – their brand has been so successfully created that we can easily identify it.We think of branding as a logo like Ford Motor Company’s blue oval or Geico’s Gecko. Or we think of slogans like “Red Bull gives you wings” or “Just Do It.” But a brand is not a logo or a slogan. A brand is a perception, the entire persona that exists in the mind of your customers.As small business owners we may think we don’t have the resources to create a brand. If a business does not create its own brand, their customers will. Whether you’re a company or an individual, you have a brand. To quote Seth Godin, “A brand is the set of expectations, memories, stories and relationships that, taken together, account for a consumer’s decision to choose one product or service over another.” (Linchpin by Seth Godin).Create your brand by finding your niche, what you do best, and continually reminding your current and prospective customers what you do. Consistency is the key. Your brand should reflect your personality, your company philosophy and its environment. Don’t be afraid to be different, to have fun if that’s who you are. Obviously there are certain businesses that require a very rigid, professional persona. Even in that case, it’s still critical to brand what separates you from the competition.I always find it an interesting exercise when talking with a new client about their business. One of the questions I ask is “what do you do better or differently than the competition.” Another is “why should a prospective customer choose you over the competition?” The answers I typically get are “we all do about the same thing”. Or I may get an answer like “better customer service” or “lower price.” What that really means is “I don’t know. We are just doing our thing. We don’t really pay attention to our competitor unless they beat us on a job.”The first step in creating a brand is defining what separates the business from the competition. Every business (if they are going to stay in business) must define their strengths and own their niche.I recently went through this exercise in my own business. While there are many web site designers, many search engine optimization specialists and many social media experts, very few do all three with successful results I can produce. After many years of identity crisis, I finally created the brand that separates my company from the crowd.In today’s online marketing world, buying decisions are influenced (if not made) by your brand reputation. What is your brand to say about you? Does it accurately portray your strengths and your specialties? Is it consistent? In a throw down with your competition who’s going to come out on top?

In this article I want to talk about why you really need to have a specific brand for your online business. If you don’t have a brand then you will have no means of standing out from your competition.It seems that when people start looking for ways to make money online it is very easy to start a particular system or scheme and have no concept that you really need to develop a business in order to succeed. If you think about, it every business has a brand and the reason is because your brand becomes a part of your whole marketing strategy.If you don’t have a brand how can you market your business? Perhaps you don’t yet have a business or maybe you haven’t considered the possibility of turning your online venture into a business. You see, having an online business is an important distinction to make as it allows you to differentiate yourself from your competition instead of just being one of many other online marketers.Even if you are an affiliate marketer and promoting someone else’s business it is still possible for you to have your own brand. However, I believe that it is far better to promote your own products that you have created yourself so that you are able to promote your own brand with your own products.So what is a brand? A brand could be your business name, the logo or image that you use, particular colours or combination of colours and the various words that you use to describe your brand message.Basically, by having a brand you are able to communicate something specific about your business to your customers.If you think about brands that are well known and that you know of, when you think of that particular brand you will immediately have some form of connection to it. It might conjure up a positive or negative feeling or desire but one way or another you will connect with it either in a good way or a bad way.If you have no brand to your online business then you are not enabling people to connect with you but rather you encourage a feeling of indifference. This is not good for your online marketing because when you market your product or service you are wanting people to make a specific connection so that they identify with what you are able to offer and ultimately become your customer rather than a customer of your competition.Here are some questions you need to answer in order to establish your own online brand:What is unique about your business? What message are you trying to convey to your customers?If you have a logo and you should, what does that logo represent? Is it suitable for your business?The colours that you use on your website will play an important role in terms of the message that you convey. Therefore you need to choose the colours carefully to make sure that it is consistent with your brand identity.Think about how you would describe your brand to a friend. How would you describe it in just one sentence so that you are able to convey and communicate effectively what your brand stood for?When you understand what it is you have to offer and therefore who will want your offer, you are more able to understand what type of brand message will appeal to your ideal customer.

Everywhere you look things are changing and in the business world your personal brand is your biggest asset in the new economy. In the 21st century the new real estate is on the internet and if you haven’t taken your business there yet you’re already behind. But it’s all good because I’m going to help you get up to speed in this short article.In this article we’re going to explore some of the most profitable business opportunities for people with little to no experience, but who have a strong desire to take charge of their financial destiny and create a lifestyle of freedom for themselves. Your success in all of these business opportunities is dependent on your personal brand.Your personal brand is what is going to make you stand out above all of your competition, many of which are still using replicated marketing systems that do well branding the system but not YOU. Let’s face it, there’s only one you, so in that sense there is no competition. The key is going within yourself and discovering what you are truly passionate about and highlight that in your branding.Branding is visual communication and you want to communicate why someone should join you in business or by your product and service. It’s all about ATTRACTING the right people to you and you do that with a magnetic personal brand. Your website, blog, lead capture pages, sales letters, and social media sites should all carry a congruent message to your market, the message is that you are a leader.Here are a few highly profitable 21st century business models for you to consider:1. Affiliate Marketing/Information Product Marketing:Knowledge sells, and it sells BIG time. Information products are incredibly inexpensive to create, practically free, It’s basically a PDF document with a professional looking cover (more personal branding), and of course high quality content based on your unique knowledge base.Selling information products has become a billion dollar industry. It’s a rapidly growing industry and it’s easy to get into. If you you’re not ready to write your own E book yet that’s OK there are a ton of affiliate programs that you can get involved with.2. Coaching and ConsultingHere’s another business model where personal branding is absolutely key. You want to brand yourself in the eyes of your clients as a leader, someone of value that people can trust and can learn from. If you are already a coach or business consultant here’s a wonderful opportunity to take your skill set online and make an absolute killing.Many speakers, coaches, and consultants are making $1-3K per sale with their services and personal brand.3. High-Ticket/Highly Leveraged Direct Sales Business ModelsNow this is a truly revolutionary business model that has just skyrocketed over the last few years online. It has taken absolute beginners to millionaire status within their first 12-24 months after getting started online.This opportunity is a very wise decision if you are looking for a business with the power to propel you to internet success very quickly. There are several companies right now in travel, personal development, and financial education that will pay you $3K-$15K commissions for your marketing and advertising online.The great thing about this last business model is that they all three have systems in place that make it easier for the average person to turn a profit fast. These systems do the selling, prospecting, and education of your potential business partners for you on complete auto-pilot.Lastly, a piece of advice, things in the online business world are changing rapidly and require forward thinking people to make decisions fast and take ACTION. According to FORBES magazine there are 79 million opportunity seekers coming online over the next 3-5 years.If you want to succeed you want to position yourself AND your personal brand directly in front of them. Remember, your personal brand is your biggest asset in the new economyWelcome to the new economy!

Your Label Says A Lot About Your Business

A brand is a powerful tool in your hands, a visual image that encapsulates a
perceived value associated with your company, product or service by customers and
potential customers. As competition intensifies, small business owners are realizing
the power of branding through private label as part of an ingenious business
strategy. Owning your brand is not only an alluring marketing and sales tool, it
makes good small business sense. Wholesalers of private label products offer
resellers and diverse others the opportunity to build recognition for their own
company and product, as well as develop customer loyalty. With a lead on identity
and a secure on loyalty, new and repeat sales are sure to follow, given that your
product meets consumer expectations. The bottom line is: You will drive your
revenues and increase profits through the use of private labels.

Once thought of as a value-added, low cost substitute for higher priced name
brands, private label brands were referred to as store or generic brands; remember
the no name brand! Interestingly, the private label perception is blossoming in
today’s marketplace as the upscale alternative to national brands. As burnt cream
evolved into French crème brûlée, consumers now consider private label brands as
an affordable extravagance. Associated with distinctive, premium quality products
and services, private labels are now positioning as your own proprietary brand or
personalized brand, and rightly so.

Private Label Brands Are Packed With Benefits

A private label packs numerous marketing and sales benefits into your product. The
basics of any good marketing plan are simple: Increase your customer base,
increase the frequency of repeat sales and increase the average expenditure, the
question is… how? Designed to display and impress your image and developed
around your target market, propriety label may be the answer.

Your own brand is what sets you apart from your competitors and builds brand
loyalty. Differentiating your product as a unique brand also enables you to compete
on non-price factors such as quality. A smart move for small business because
typically, they cannot achieve sales volume levels to be a low price favorite.

Stocking name brand products does little to entice consumers into your brick and
mortar or online store. National brands are widely distributed and can be purchased
almost anywhere. A private label will bring customers to your place of business, as
your brand is exclusive. An additional benefit is that of product awareness, every
time a customer opens your private label product sitting on the counter top the
customer is reminded where the product was purchased.

Small businesses do not have abundant resources to spend on large marketing and
advertising campaigns like their national competitors. Your proprietary label,
imprinted on an appealing package, is an excellent advertising item and channel.
You gain exposure and get the word out about your business and product, requiring
little effort outside your input in the label and package design. Using a private label
is a cost effective method to market your small business.

Of course, customers will not rush back to your store and beat down the door for a
label. Establishing the brand with a high quality product is essential for repeat sales.
Generate trust in your brand by selecting a respected wholesaler who knows the
product and the business well. To promote consumer purchasing the reseller must
also perfect the private label to meet the desires and expectations of the target
market.

Black Tea or Decadently Rich Chocolate Chai? You Decide

Let’s take a look at a fast growing, competitive segment of the beverage industry,
tea, to see how the benefits of private label are put into practice. Once trailing far
behind the specialty coffee market, tea is now surging in the popularity and so are
the sellers. The trend is driven by consumer lifestyle shifts toward good health,
luxury and pleasure. Specialty tea is forecasted to become a major portion of the
tea industry. Demand is stimulated by the new products available as consumers
seek extraordinary and exotic tea flavors.

It is essential reseller’s offer a quality product from a knowledgeable wholesaler
supplier, as product choice can make or break a business. Working in partnership,
the private label wholesaler and reseller will bring together knowledge, experience
and creativity in the design of a captivating label and appealing package. With
endless choices, from loose leaf to tins, the finally product is presented to exceed
the reseller and final consumers expectations.

An up and coming leader in the market, exhale spa promotes a whole body
rejuvenating selection of services based upon the wisdom of traditional healing and
movement therapies. To enhance the relaxing ambience of the spa, exhale serves
their own signature tea blends, formulated and packaged by Lapis Teahouse, a
provider of premium private label tea. Resellers turn to Lapis Teahouse and other
select wholesalers that offer both private label and custom blending services for a
competitive advantage. Private label companies build trust in a brand by selecting
and custom blending extraordinary teas for flavor, aroma, and quality. Exciting new
products are designed to fit the customer’s unique needs and compliment their
business image.

Private label producers serve a diverse customer base, and each benefit by selling a
private label brand. From a nutrition center prescribing the health benefits of
organic herbal tea, to an elegant teahouse serving a taste of luxury for tea
connoisseurs, a brand can be developed to reflect and project your image. You don’t
have to be a reseller to capitalize on the rewards of a unique identity. The private
label extends into the service industry to enhance professional services and
company ambience.

In recent years technology has made tremendous advancements. These advancements have reshaped the organisations by creating their business functions integrated and streamlined. Beyond the standard office computers and smart devices, organisations are now implementing new software’s and latest technology equipment’s to run their operations smoothly. One such technological advancement is Slide presentation software PowerPoint is one of the widely used Slide Presentation Software. It is a powerful tool to make your presentation more attractive and engaging. If you want visual effect, collaboration tools, easy access, then PowerPoint will be the perfect option.

Nowadays in every field, there is huge competition. Business and professional firms use the presentation as a tool to educate, train, motivate the internal and external audience. At any point in time, you may require to give a presentation. The presentation is an essential part of branding because the presentation is the primary source which companies use for communication with clients, general public etc. The presentation demonstrates the company profile, and it’s the only tool which makes sure that all your representatives are turning into sales. A well-designed presentation shows presenters professionalism and also builds organisations corporate image.

Presenters are mainly of two types. Firstly, the great ones, who with their commanding charisma, speaking skills and great presentation styles can grasp the audience attention and secondly the Mediocre one who only focuses on the content of the presentation. They come up with great with great content and speak amazingly but fails in their presentation skills. Many times, lacks in gaining audience attention.

You may have complex data for presentation, a great content will be a scrap if not delivered in an entertaining way. Templates contains layout, colour, fonts, effects. powerpoint template helps to convey the information in an attractive way, grabbing the audience attention throughout the topic.

Benefits of an Effective Presentation:

• Face to Face Interaction: A presentation enables to meet your customers and prospects. Face to face interactions strengthens the relation and bond with the customers. An effective presentation can improve sales. According to a recent survey conducted, face to face meetings is fifteen times better than other marketing activities.
• Engagement: Presentation is the easiest way to engage with the audience. Attractive slides, astonishing layouts can hold the audience attention easily. Bullet points and summary texts help the audience to focus on the main subjects.
• Flexibility: Flexibility is the vital feature of the presentation. It helps in saving the time of professionals. PowerPoint presentations allow the user to quickly change the content and change the designs based on the audience.

• Adds professionalism: Presentation can decide the success of any business meetings. The presenter should convey the information most attractively and entertainingly. Adding attractive templates can ensure maximum engagement of audience over the topic.

• Storage: After the presentation, the slides can be quickly distributed among the members for further reference. It can easily be saved on the computers which minimise the chance of loss or misplacement.

• Presentation Important for Business Growth: Having a superior product can never result in success. Advertisement of the product is also mandatory. The product demonstration should be attractive, clear to the audience. The presentation should be eye-catching and should create a lasting impression on the audience. Adding an attractive slide, Infographics icons can ease the work of the presenter.

• Adds Creativity: Nobody like a wall of text, the presentation should look interesting and conveying. The audience can easily remember visual information. Adding images to illustrate point will surely make your presentation engaging. PowerPoint allows the user to add creative clipart’s, attractive fonts to the presentation.

A worker shortage might be excellent news for the economy! Maybe, just maybe, firms will awake and see workers’ substantial contribution to their success. Some CEOs take unconscionable sums and destroy their firm’s value, unlike many frontline workers who create value. During the pandemic, CEOs took vast sums as they laid-off workers. Some firms sought bankruptcy protection, but hat didn’t stop their greedy CEOs from snatching hefty bonuses.

We have a worker shortage and firms are scrambling to hire whomever is willing. Some firms, like McDonalds have paid signing bonuses. Canada’s Loblaw and its competitors paid a bonus to frontline workers when the pandemic began. They stopped it after three months in unison with their competitors. When government confronted them about this collusion, they claimed it happened independently. Go figure! It’s like you caught your three-year-old with her hand in the cookie jar and she said, Mom, “Cookie Monster did it!”

Worker Shortage Inevitable With Shoddy Treatment

Loblaw’s behavior disturbs me. During the bonus period, profits soared. Per se, that’s no problem. I favor firms making profits. To be sure, I am against government taxing profits. But paying workers the bonus during the pandemic shouldn’t hinge on profits. It was just right. Meanwhile, my wife and I shopped at a Loblaw store and workers continued their excellent service despite Loblaw’s slight.

Leaders must realize frontline workers are the firm’s foundation and treat them well, not as cogs turning out CEOs bonuses! When employers treat workers like machines, they disengage. Gallup said, over several decades, they and other researchers found a strong link between employees’ workplace engagement and the company’s overall performance. Yet employers refuse to accept this. But there is good news: surveys show some firms break the mold and treat workers with respect: Cisco, Apple, Accenture, IBM, FedEx are a few.

Next Quarter’s Earnings Drives Businesses

Companies see next quarter as the prize, so they exploit workers and fudge next quarter’s numbers. I repeat: I am against government taxing business. However, I favor the Biden Build Back Better provision to tax share buybacks that the House passed, and it is before the Senate, even if it might have only a modest effect on share buybacks. Companies shouldn’t be spending billions buying back shares while exploiting workers.

Firms should present to shareholder meetings options to use buyback funds. Choices might include effects of paying bonuses to frontline workers with buyback funds. Shareholders should hear about potential strategic investments, too. Another option is stopping buy-backs for five years after layoffs. Executives, too, shouldn’t get bonuses within five years of layoffs. We must get rid of worker exploitation that enhances CEO bonuses.

Restaurants need to encompass considerable marketing avenues for the sake of success. Without publicity and marketing, there are chances that the restaurant may not survive in the market. But with thorough planning and enactment, the restaurant’s promotion can grab the customer’s attention just like that.

The restaurant business is quite tough. It is difficult for the owners to flourish in this thrift and with very low profits. Restaurant owners are enthusiastic about food because not much profit is left after paying all the mandatory expenses like produce, wages, upkeep, and maintenance. Better so than eternally, restaurants publicity and marketing are necessary.

Some restaurant owners thoroughly expand their profit margin by contracting their business prototype and resemblance to others, assembling a franchise, spreading their reputation, and cultivating a future passive income. While others choose to concentrate on their flagship eatery, trusting that quality over quality is vital for drumming up future business.

Smart advertising encourages the restaurant owner to create a good reputation in the market and reach customers who might not even have heard about the restaurants near them. It also promotes the restaurants with discounts, offers, special occasions, and new items to the menu.

For marketing purposes, the best way is social media. Whether people are seeking someplace to dine in safely or looking for the best takeaway service, they turn on the social media app. The more the traffic drives to your specific website or page, the more you will succeed in this business.

What the advertising brings to the restaurants

It helps to target customers, as if the customers like the taste of the food at a specific restaurant, they will start recommending that place to their colleagues and friends. Advertising helps target particular types of customers and proves to be more effective.
Advertising certainly helps to stay competitive in the business. The competitors will be advertising their specific establishment to the customers. They will assume that the establishment has lacked publicity, is less thriving, and offers less than the other competitors.
Publicity and advertisement are thoroughly an investment. If the restaurant owner is investing wisely, they will surely profit from that. But the amount to be spent on publicity depends upon the area and type of restaurant. Usually, casual and family-specific restaurants do not spend more on advertising, while fine-dining restaurants spend more because they must create a lavish image.
Publicizing can certainly help to develop crucial aspects of the restaurant’s reputation. Advertising fetches the customers by creating the business’s reputation in the community.
Hiring a marketing agency can reduce almost all of the burden regarding advertisement. A good social media marketing agency can maintain whatsoever the name’s niche and aesthetics through social media. Great brand recognition can lead to more followers, leading to more traffic to the site and a boost in orders.

With the passage of time, there has been continuous development in the world of solar energy, nuclear power, smart grid, electric vehicles, rail transportation, aerospace, aviation, and navigation. Therefore, this trend has increased requirements for power equipment performance. These days, the first generation of silicon materials is about to hit the theoretical limit that was originally determined. The third generation features a wider bandwidth, electron saturation, and thermal conductivity. In this article, we are going to talk about a new type of material called silicon carbide ceramics. And we will specifically discuss the applications of silicon carbide ceramics in different industries. Read on to find out more.

As far as potential is concerned, silicon carbide ceramic is the most mature choice. As a matter of fact, many of its indicators are much better than silicon. For example, it has a 300% higher bandwidth. Apart from this, the theoretical operational temperature of this material is 600 Celsius. Now, let’s talk about the different uses of this material.

Electric Vehicles

Since these modules can have a sustainable, intelligent, low carbon, and green development, we can say that the advantages of this material are primarily reflected in the following three aspects.

1. Simplification of the power supply Network and boosting the frequency

2. Increasing the temperature and reducing losses

3. Improving efficiency and reducing the volume

As far as power conversion is concerned, components made of silicon carbide cal can help improve performance. In electric models, the active load-bearing component is the electric motor. These motors have different rotational speeds. Therefore, these motors require repeated acceleration and acceleration during the process of driving. Therefore, the working condition is more complex compared to the speed regulating system.

Transmission Systems

If you have a silicon-based device, your best choice is are switch made from silicon carbide. This is because this material has an extremely low resistance. Therefore, it is an ideal choice for applications where high frequency and temperature are involved.

The thing is that this material can reduce the loss of power by up to five hundred percent. Moreover, it is possible to reduce weight and size by over 40%. Therefore, it can help have a positive impact on the grid configuration and adjustment of energy strategy.

Solar Energy Field

If you are looking for advice that can be used in solar inverters, silicon carbide is an ideal choice. It comes with a small size, reduced costs, and much higher efficiency. Typically, the conversion efficiency of these inverters is around 96%. But if silicon carbide is used, it is possible to increase the efficiency to 97.5%. In other words, these devices can help produce power losses by 25%. Apart from this, these inverters can help boost conversion efficiency significantly.

LED Lighting

These days, the popularity of LED devices that use silicon carbide is on the rise. The thing is that these LEDs are much brighter and can reduce the cost by up to 50%. They are 200% brighter than other types of lights.

Similarly, they have 10 times more thermal conductivity. In routine life, you can apply this type of lighting for different types of environments, such as color display devices, information screens, indoor lighting, and signal lights. The thing is that they can help reduce pollution and cost.

Instead for entire details relevant piece of information in this world of modernized technology Cromacoin usually operates on wide-spread public ledger known as Blockchain where entire confirmed transactions. Entire ways where users are aware of each transaction avoid stealing and spending the same currency within stipulated time. This process also supports Blockchain as it is trustworthy for an appropriate piece of content. Cromacoin is one of excellent digital currency which has been stepping up to correspond with better digital currencies exchanges.

Where to store your new ICO’s tokens after procure?

There are diversified applications which one should utilize while obtaining new ICO’s tokens some of the vital key elements are visualized below for better appearance:-

• Full Client Satisfaction- It is one of email server which is encountered without dependent upon third-party servers. It also controls whole transaction from start to an end.

• Trivial Clients- The mandatory vital piece of server surely rely upon customer’s satisfaction as everyone acquires access to the network for uppermost transactions.

• Web Clients- It is the opposite of full client resembling which totally dependent upon the third-party server and operate entire transactions instantly.
Where can you find Cromacoin?

In order to get evolved with this cryptocurrency digital exchanges one can firstly purchase Cromacoin from steps involved below:-

• Cryptocurrency Exchanges where one can exchange regular new ICO tokens.

• One can find a seller or just by SING UP process available for procedural module.

• After Signing up Cromacoin is precious for customers for better investment plans.

Input important credentials to obtain freeway service to your account by SIGN UP process.

• It is recommended to utilize a strong elongated password with a mixture of letters, alphabets and other special characters.

• One will be able to find information about the product in our whitepaper which proffers an extreme most reliable piece of information rapidly.

• Get a proper financial report as ICO’s can be started with crowdfunding.

• Companies utilizing ICO at an earlier stage for traditional businesses acquire whitepaper which is the most likely concern.

One needs explanations about Cromacoin just by examining the whitepaper in ICO’s.

• Get a ratio for cryptocurrency along with procedural modules in accordance to digital currency exchanges.

Where are your tokens? Know more from defined information evaluated

Firstly, it is important to bring tokens for your ICO which is associated with your tokens available as per needs and requirements. It can suffer bit of project keeping in mind a trustworthy project which one can send for Cromacoin analyzed. It is suggested to deposit your new ICO tokens where tokens actually bare and help for your new token repeatedly.

• Set up for a coin and participate in ICO to buy tokens.

• The need of wallet which supported tokens for purchase.

• Participate in ICO to buy tokens from Cromacoin.

• Send ETH for a token purchase and one will be tied to private key of wallet.

• Acquire few pieces of information to accomplish with Cromacoin.

• Send ETH address for ICO and proffer tokens constantly.

• Don’t ask for a deposit which wallet supports for a new token or one can access to your New ICO tokens on Blockchain with appropriate security enabled policies.

How to import ICO tokens into a supported wallet?

If one has contract address for token one can import tokens into wallet. Likewise, our wallet has the capability to hold numerous tokens keeping in mind entire terms accuracy, precise along with efficiency which play a vital role to enhance one’s business productivity. Our wallet is encompassed with unique wallet address which is thereby sent just by input for tokens.